Rotation about the x axis: x' = x y' = y cos ø - z sin ø z' = y sin ø + z cos ø Rotation about the y axis: x' = z sin ø + x cos ø y' = y z' = z cos ø - x sin ø Rotation about the z axis: x' = x cos ø - y sin ø y' = x sin ø + y cos ø z' = z